In New France and early Canada, young men who ventured into the forest to hunt and trade with Amerindians (coureurs de bois, runners of the woods ), later traveling in big teams of canoes (voyageurs), were known for their independence. Often described as half-wild themselves, they linked the European and Indian societies, eventually helping to form a new culture with elements of both. From an ecocritical perspective they represent both negative and positive aspects of the human historical trajectory because, in addition to participating in the environmentally abusive fur trade, they also symbolize the way forward through intercultural connections and business relationships. The four novels analyzed here Joseph-Charles Tach s Forestiers et voyageurs: Moeurs et l gendes canadiennes (1863); Louis H mon s Maria Chapdelaine (1916); L o-Paul Desrosiers Les Engag s du Grand Portage (1938); and Antonine Maillet s P lagie-la-Charrette (1979) portray the backwoodsmen operating in a collaborative mode within the realistic context of the need to make money. They entered folklore through the 19th century literary efforts of Tach and others to construct a distinct French Canadian national.
Anne Rehill Backwoodsmen as Ecocritical Motif in French Canadian Literature: Connecting Worlds in the Wilds (After the Empire: The Francophone World and Postcolonial France) free
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